George Crumb (1929-2022) was born in Charleston, West Virginia. He studied at Mason College of Music, the University of Illinois and the University of Michigan (DMA, 1959), and spent a Fulbright year at the Berlin Hochschule für Musik. He taught at the University of Pennsylvania from 1965 to 1995. Rejecting serialism, he developed a personal language built on unusual timbres, extended techniques and graphically shaped scores. His works include Black Angels (1970) for electric string quartet, Ancient Voices of Children and Vox Balaenae.