Milan Knizak

Milan Knížák (1940-2026) was a Czech artist, musician and Fluxus participant, born in Plzeň. In the 1960s he co-founded the Prague group Aktual, which staged actions and demonstrations, and he was named director of Fluxus East. In music he is known for Broken Music, a long series of works made by scratching, puncturing, burning, breaking and gluing together vinyl records and playing the results. Knížák's own account dates his first experiments, records played at the wrong speed, to 1963-64, and the destruction of discs to 1965.